Appropriate Classroom Behavior Essay

Behavior is a choice, and a teacher’s role is to aid students when learning to make good choices. Inappropriate behavior is not acceptable. It should be followed by negative consequences and therefore be discouraged. When the teacher responds to different behaviors, either positive, or negative, it teaches the student something. School is a place where students are given the opportunity to learn and receive an education as well as socialize. Part of the learning process is interaction, however, it should only occur when the time is suitable. Being in the classroom should be considered a privilege. That privilege should only be given if a student’s behavior does not interfere with the ability of the teacher to teach effectively or the ability of other students to participate in classroom learning activities. Consequences should be given to individual students who choose to interrupt the teacher’s lesson or distract others. A whole class should not be punished but should be aware of how that behavior was not right. The behavior that took place last Friday was not acceptable and should not be tolerated.

Mythological Language Essay

â€Å"Mythological language raises very difficult if not impossible problems.† Discuss this statement by examining both verification and falsification. â€Å"A myth is a symbolic approximate expression of truth, which the human mind cannot perceive sharply and completely, but can only glimpse vaguely, and therefore cannot adequately or accurately express.† – Millar Burrows. In the context of religion, myths can be taken to mean stories about God which have vital meanings for an individual, a community, a nation or the cosmos. Myths embody and express claims which cannot be expressed in any other way. Myth is the most complex type of symbolic language because it uses symbols, metaphors and imagery. They use them to explain the unexplainable and to give insights into human existence. Mythology does not convey information that isn’t true. They convey concepts that go way beyond the true/false descriptors. They express stories that are â€Å"other worldly†. They allow humans to gain insight into two very important questions; the cosmological question about the meaning of life and the existential question about emotions, feelings, believing etc. Mythological language was used a lot by the biblical writers. They have been included in the ideas such as creation, the fall and the flood. Within the Bible myths also attempt to explain the mystery of human origins and human nature. There have been a brave set of people over the last forty years, who have chosen to say a lot of religious statements are myths – which has challenged existing beliefs. There are of course many examples of religious myths and there are tree ways in which the word myth can be used in religious language: * The myth could be a story which isn’t true, but has some other value. Braithwaite believed that they were inspirational as they make us motivated. * It could be a literary device. Ineffable, i.e. beyond language, unexplainable. * A method of interpreting â€Å"ultimate reality†. They open up like symbols, they have new levels of reality or as Randal argues their purpose is to bind communities together. Biblical stories which seem meaningless to scientists are more understandable if you think of them as another language. Myths are extremely powerful in their metaphor or symbolic meanings. If you don’t take a literal view, and you consider the Bible is supposed to be recording history or science then yes, a lot of the Bible is false. For example, can you calculate the age of the world from the Bible? Yes, if you take it literally, but that would be wrong because scientists have enough evidence to prove that the world is much older than that. What one does, if we interpret the Bible in a mythological sense, is side step the facts to make them more meaningful i.e. â€Å"the world is a few thousand years old,† could just simply be saying God made it. So referring to the statement, â€Å"mythological language raises very difficult if not impossible problems† It is clear that even more than symbols, myths seem outdated. In the 19th century, D.F. Strauss suggested that we need to shift the focus of myth from â€Å"the story of a miraculous occurrence, to the story of a miraculous occurrence.† This basically means in the first case, it is assumed that an objective true narrative about a miracle is being expressed, in the second, that an embodied religious truth is being conveyed in a story form and isn’t necessarily true. Another critic of the use of mythological language was Rudolph Bultmann who said that we must not take myths literally. The Bible should be seen as a myth and only by reading the Bible as mythological text can we fully understand it. The Bible was written in a pre-scientific age when mythological language had a lot of meaning, i.e. the three levels of Hell, Earth and Heaven. Now that the world view has changed we have got to strip the Bible of its myths so that we can understand it again. Bultmann doesn’t mean cut them out, he means re-interpret them, demythologise them. He believed that it is impractical for humanity in modern times to believe such outdated stories: â€Å"It is impossible to use electric light and the wireless and to avail ourselves of modern medical and surgical discoveries and, at the same time, to believe in the New Testament of demons and spirits.† â€Å"The real point of a myth is not to give an objective world picture; what is expressed in it, rather is how we human beings understand ourselves with the world.† Bultmann’s main example of a myth was Luke’s explanation of Jesus being born in a stable. Strip away the myths and you see that it’s saying God can be found in the most humble and excluded parts of the world. Also the resurrection, he suggests is showing the re-invention of the people as they become Christians. Bultmann claims myth made it harder to grasp the Biblical truth. However, if you start doing this, then you end up saying that mythical language is meaningless, which is wrong because you shouldn’t underestimate myth and its power. However it undermines their status as true accounts and events. Yet some believers take them to be true which of course gives them meaning. Another philosopher to agree with the statement is Richard Dawkins, who commented in ‘The God Delusion’, â€Å"†¦much of the bible is†¦ just plain weird, as you would expect of a chaotically cobbled-together anthology of disjointed documents, composed, revised, translated, distorted and ‘improved’ by hundreds of anonymous authors..† He could also have added that this was put together during the course of many centuries. Significantly the difference between Bultmann and Dawkins is that Bultmann still maintained that there was truth to be extracted from the mythological narrative once the myth was stripped away. However, those who are in support of myth, claim that, since religious language is anti-realist, it is not concerned with making true or false statements. J.W. Rogerson wrote: â€Å"Because myths have their birth not in logic but in intuitions of transcendence, they are of value to traditions that seek to describe the action of the other worldly in the present world.† So in conclusion, it is important to understand how myths should be interpreted rather than being concerned to establish what the facts of the matter actually are. We have to remember how these stories were heard, i.e. in the context of simple people. This was a language they could understand and images and pictures that related to ordinary readers and listeners to religious works. This allowed the underlying meanings to be absorbed without needing a great education.

The Oda Nobunaga's Restoration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Oda Nobunaga's Restoration - Essay Example Both Meiji and Nobunaga are believed to have similar political philosophy evidenced in the need to unify the society. Meiji Restoration had to deal with dissenting forces which had thrived under Tokugawa regime for a long period of time. Meiji was forced to be as forceful and unifying as Nobunaga during the last third of the 19th century through the early 20th century Japan following many decades of unresolved social differences, ideological wars and the threat of the Shogun attack (Turnbull 99). From these different sources of offensive power, the Restoration leadership prioritized the policy of power consolidation under the emperor in as much the same way as Nobunaga did in the 16th century. In the course of the new political dispensation, both Meiji political elite and Nobunaga regime faced similar challenges staged by isolated, but fanatical supporters of the status quo. For Nobunaga, the adamant Ikko sect stood out with its religious policy against Nobunaga’s efforts to bring the country together by maintaining the support of minor local rulers (Turnbull 13). The sect also expanded its influence by supporting Yoshiaki, and by rallying its supporters along the influential daimyo of a number of administrative regions. In all, the 16th century ruler battled the Ikko sect through direct confrontations and indirectly for over a decade until he achieved unity of the society. According to Turnbull (100) it was only through peaceful process overseen by the royal court at Kyoto that the Nobunaga regime successfully overcame of the Monastery of Hongan Temple in Osaka. The monastery was most one of the most valued political and military complexes that kept the Ikko’s spirit of resistance alive. After assuming control of several manors and religious constituencies, Nobunaga strengthened his control of the samurai warriors and

Composer biography (Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky) Essay

Composer biography (Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky) - Essay Example When he was four years old, he composed a song with his younger sister Alexandra. He began piano lessons at the age of four, with a local teacher. He soon learnt to read music as well as his teacher in three years. He became familiar with Frederic Chopin’s mazurkas. In 1850, Tchaikovsky was sent to the prestigious Imperial School of Jurisprudence in St.Petersburg , an all boys school. He studied there for nine years. He was popular among his peers, and had intense emotional ties with several boys. As music was not given much importance in the institute, Tchaikovsky’s father paid for his piano lessons from Rudolph Kundiger outside the School,. In the meantime, Pyotr’s mother died due to cholera., which had a great emotional impact on the boy. When he was seventeen, Tchaikovsky was influenced by the Italian music instructor, Luigi Piccioli. Tchaikovsky loved Italian music, and it influenced his compositions. He admired Mozart’s Don Giovanni. He graduated in 1859 from the Imperial School of Jurisprudence and started working as a junior civil servant. He worked there for three years although he did not like the work. Realizing that his vocation was music, he resigned from the post to study music. According to Daniel.G.Mason, who writes in his â€Å"Personal Life†, Tchaikovsky was a â€Å"ready improviser†, and could play music well for dancing, and was blessed with a â€Å"rich sense of harmony†. When Tchaikovsky joined St. Petersburg Conservatory and studied music, he was one of its first students. After graduating in 1865, he got a job as a teacher of music theory in the Moscow Conservatory. According to Mason, Tchaikovsky now had â€Å"the courage to attempt his first symphony’’, ‘Winter Dreams.’ He was so overwrought by nerves, that he stopped composing anything in the night.. In the first ten years in Moscow, he produced varied kinds of music from operas to string quartets, which built up his reputation His first opera,

Defense Intelligence Agency Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Defense Intelligence Agency - Essay Example The decision that DIA delivers concerning intelligence information is an advantage to war fighters, policy makers and defense planners (DIA, 2015). The collected intelligence information is an advantage because it is usable by the military and other states security officers to be alert of any kind of attack especially from terror. The new base contribute to a new mission of applying interpersonal skills, high level training and professional talents that provide the necessary human intelligence (HUMINT). The agency collects and analyses key intelligence information data using a variety of sophisticated tools and technology before coming up with the decision (DIA, 2015). The DIA then makes a decision concerning the information analyzed on how to deploy security personnel globally in order to be on top of the matter in case of any abnormalities. During the security deployment activity, the DIA takes a long war fighter and interagency partners to be on watch out in order to manage and contain the security. Therefore, the work of DIA is to coordinate with all the security personnel and share with them intelligence information with an intention to defend America’s national security interest (DIA,

Enviromental impact assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Enviromental impact assessment - Essay Example In line with sustainable development and to avoid future conflicts, the project has incorporated environmental concerns at every stage and has conducted a comprehensive Environmental Impact Assessment and prepared a feasible Environmental Management Plan that addresses environmental concerns, land use conflicts as well as environmental conservation and protection measures. Need for the project The project was initiated to exploit the economic potential of the growing population of West Midlands through the provision of business premises that would promote commerce and trade while at the same time providing the residents with jobs and giving them a whole new shopping experience. It was also motivated by the need to provide environmentally friendly, flexible, modern and cost effective public buildings and business premises. As had been established by a previous survey sponsored by the proponent eight years ago, the project is long overdue. Shirley town in West Midlands has a shortage o f adequate and spacious retail outlets, business and residential premises to serve the demands of the growing population and booming economy. Parkgate retail and residential project will be constructed in Shirley town centre in West Midlands. ... There will also be landscaped gardens and a drive way, guard house situated next to the main gate, water reticulation system with a water pump, and overhead tanks, toilets, storm water drainage system, sewage drainage system, and electricity supply systems. All units fully serviced. The selected property is in a fast developing area within West Midlands. Legal framework The project and the Environmental Impact Assessment takes into account the procedure for conducting EIA as set out in Council Directive 85/337/EEC 1985 as amended by council directive 97/11/EC 1997 and are currently being implemented throughout the United Kingdom through the town and county planning (Environmental Impact Assessment )Regulations 1999. In line with the existing legislations, this Environmental Impact Assessment gives a detailed plan on the following aspects of construction projects: The expected environmental impacts of the project and the interventions to be taken during and after the project. A compre hensive plan to ensure health and safety of the workers, the neighbouring community and those who access the site as well as a framework for the prevention and management of accidents. The economic and sociocultural impacts of the project to the local community and the nation at large. The location of the project and the physical area that may be affected by project activities. The materials to be used, the products and the by products as well as waste to be generated and the methods of disposal. Apart from local legislation, the project will also take into account the ILO Conventions ratified by the UK government include the safety and health recommendation of 1988, minimum age conventions of 1973, the recruitment of

Production And Perfect Competition - Market Activity Coursework

Production And Perfect Competition - Market Activity - Coursework Example 2: Losses to be incurred in Case B Fig. 3: Other Variances As can be observed with reference to the above illustrated calculations for both the cases A and B, the firm is projected to witness significant changes in terms of its losses incurred. Apparently, in both the cases, the firm will have to suffer huge losses. However, when comparing both the cases, i.e. when the TFC is $1,000,000 and when the TFC is increased to $3,000,000, the firm will have to suffer greater losses in Case B with the rise in its TFC. To be noted, with the TFC amounted to $1,000,000, the firm is projected to incur a loss of $400,000; whereas, with a TFC increment to $3,000,000, the firm will have to suffer a huge loss of $2,400,000. Considering the amount of calculated per unit and per work loss for the given cases, it can further be observed that the loss incurring risks will increase substantially if the firm decides to operate with a TFC of $3,000,000, which can further be deemed a unrecoverable without hu ge sums of additional investments. On the other hand, the losses incurred in case A can be deemed as recoverable for the firm, subjected to its strategic and managerial efficiencies (Schmitz Jr., 2005). Therefore, comparing and contrasting the changes in the cost variables which the firm might have to incur in both the cases A and B, it can be suggested that the firm should immediately shutdown when its TFC increases to $3,000,000, i.e. in case B. 2. For one of the cases, if the firm can operate at a loss in the short-run, how many employees need to be laid off in order for the company to break even? Break-even is commonly defined as the situation when the total revenue of a firm equals the total amount of costs incurred for a given quantity of output (Armstrong, 2006). In other words, when the firm will incur neither loss nor profit, it can be stated that the firm has reached its break-even. Considering the calculations in fig. 1 of the above section, it can be apparently observed that for case B, the firm will have to incur a huge loss of $2,400,000 and therefore should shutdown immediately. In contrast, when the TFC amounts to $1,000,000 in case A, the firm will have to incur a loss of $400,000. Hence, it can be affirmed that the company can operate at a loss in the short run when its TFC is $1,000,000 incurring lesser loss than that projected in case B. Furthermore, when the firm incurs $400,000 loss in case A, it shall have to lay off 5,000 employees, assuming all other variables to be fixed. To be specific, with the given daily wage rate of $80, the total wage for 45,000 workers (i.e. 50,000-5,000 workers) will amount to $400,000 which is again equivalent to the loss projected to be incurred by the firm with a TFC of $1,000,000. Therefore, by laying-off 5,000 employees, the firm will be able to reduce it variable cost by $400,000 and consequently, will not have to incur any loss. In such circumstance, the total cost to be incurred by the firm will be, TF C ($1,000,000) + TVC ($4,400,000 - $400,000) = $5,000,000; equivalent to the total output of the firm. Hence, it can be concluded that by laying-off 5,000 employees, the firm can reach its break-even when TFC equals to $1,000,000. 3. Given a Lower Number of Employees Now Working at The Company, What is the Change in Worker Productivity? In the above illustrated calculations, it was derived that

Consensual Relationship Agreements Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Consensual Relationship Agreements - Case Study Example This discussion stresses that there might be emails, instant messages, phone chats etc. while two people are in a workplace relationship. These things will affect the performance of the employees. Still, these might be controlled if the boss makes it clear that these things will not be appreciated in workplace but then again, there might be rebellious behavior from them. The worst nightmare, however, can be when these people breakup and end their relationship on a bad note. This might affect their performance to great extremes. For example, if one is superior in rank than the other he/she might become biased, judgmental and the other might be discriminated against. Bad words might be exchanged and gossips about them might start which will eventually affect their work. There is also a chance that sometimes on e party might claim that he/she was pressured to be in the relationship. This can bring extreme results which will immediately affect company’s rapport and performance. From this paper it is clear that in such circumstances, the company cannot just tell the employees that there will be no workplace relationships as this will cause rebellion which might bring aggressive responses and attitudes from employees which is even worse. Moreover, more people will do it just to show their adventurous and thrilling side. Also, this can cause frustration among employees. In order to avoid all of the above, an approach might be taken which is called Consensual Relationship Agreements (CRA) which is a written contract signed by two people who are involved in a romantic relationship in an organization. In such a contract, both the parties agree to certain things that mainly cover that both of them are involved in the relationship willingly, with their full consent and are not under any pressure.

Organizational resources and establishing competitive advantage Essay

Organizational resources and establishing competitive advantage - Essay Example On the other hand, it has been made clear that not all organizations are able to effectively develop their resources. Also, the continuous increase of competition in the global market is a factor that can negatively influence the efforts of organizations to improve their position in the market using their resources and capabilities. It seems that in the long term, the transformation of organizational resources into a competitive advantage has to be carefully managed since the challenges in the internal and the external organizational environment are likely to be many; as the conditions in the organizational environment become more hostile, under the influence of the global market pressures, the support that an organization has to provide to its resources has to be increased, otherwise their chances to become a competitive advantage are significantly reduced. At this point, the following issue appears: how an organization can secure that its resources will become, even in the long ter m, competitive advantage? It seems that such prospect cannot be considered as guaranteed, especially in industries where competition is high. This issue is further analyzed in the sections that follow using the literature published in this field. 2. Organizational resources and their use for the establishment of competitive advantage 2.1 How an organization can establish competitive advantage from its resources The identification of the exact characteristics of competitive advantage in modern organizations is a challenging task. Researchers and theorists have tried to identify the criteria under which organizational resources can become competitive advantage, but the results of their studies seem to be contradictory. Most commonly, emphasis is given on the balance between the firm’s strengths and weaknesses, as the specific relationship can also affect the firm’s opportunities and threats. The interaction of the above sectors in the context of organizational growth is reflected in the SWOT analysis framework. The above framework is based on the view that firms that are likely to emphasize on their internal strengths and control their weaknesses are more able to face environmental threats, a fact that can help them to develop competitive advantage towards their rivals (Barney 1995). However, the terms under which the specific effort would be successful should be further explored. Indeed, even if effectively organizing its internal environment and if it tries to avoid major market risks, a firm has still to face the threat of an unexpected downturn if there are no other strategic alternatives in place, as for example strategic alliances with other firms that control an important share of the relevant industry. On the other hand, Peteraf (2006) noted that there are certain conditions that can increase the potentials of an organization to develop a competitive advantage. These conditions could be described as follows: ‘superior resources (heter ogeneity within an industry), ex post limits to competition, imperfect resource mobility, and ex ante limits to competition’ (Peteraf 2006, p.179). It is assumed that organizations that seek to develop a competitive advantage should focus on the particular conditions. This view can be criticized as of the lack of explanations regarding the potentials of these conditions to exist in all

Time and Professionalism Essay Example for Free

Time and Professionalism Essay What is professionalism? There are many different forms of professionalism depending on whose opinion of professionalism it is. I will go with my opinion of professionalism. For the thirty years of my life I must say, I have learned a lot about my experiences in life. I’ve learned from myself, I have learned from my friends, and I have learned from mere strangers. I have seen people succeed in their goals. I have seen people fail in their goals. Failing doesn’t mean that you can’t try again. I believe we learn from our mistakes or if you possibly can, learn from others before you commit the same mistake. Well, I have come to a great conclusion. Professionalism plays a major, a very important role in succeeding in life despite of what goal you are trying to reach. To become a doctor there comes a need for a great amount of professionalism. To become a stockbroker, there is a need for people with nothing but a great mind and professionalism. Even to become a professional football player, despite of the great skills you may have to catch a 60 yard pass for a touchdown, there is still a great amount of professionalism expected from that professional wide receiver. Professionalism comes in many different aspects. The first most important aspect of being professional is the mere first image that you present yourself with. I say professionalism starts with your dress code and hygiene. The first detail you will put out to a person meeting you the first thing is that of how you are dressed. You should be dressed up for the occasion you are presenting yourself for. In an interview for example, a man should be dressed with a dark suit with a plain matching tie and decent shoes, also with his hair groomed. The second most important aspect of being professional is how you present yourself! Yes, you may be well groomed, with a perfect elegant suit but, if you do not have the perfect elegant professional attitude, the attire well, does not mean a thing. Professionalism plays a part in every characteristic of any person. So that being said, when being professional make sure you have the proper aura present. Make sure when you meet that important person that will decide your fate that you have a welcoming smile on your face. Make sure you present enough eye contact that you seem very much interested in what that person is trying to offer you and at the same time, not too much eye contact that it may come across to the other person that you are being maybe too cocky. Greet that person with a firm but not too firm handshake. Make sure that interviewer knows that you are comfortable and also make him or her feel just as comfortable. That is a big plus. Although I emphasized that the first impression you make to anyone will determine to the other person on what level your professionalism is to them. Do not forget that consistency is key to life. Yes, your first impression is big and will have a great impact on anyone. Anyone can have a great impression for one day. Can you do it on a daily basis? Can you maintain your characteristics of professionalism? Can you leave a great impression on people every day? This leads me to my third most important aspect of professionalism. Consistency! Although I put it at third most important does not mean that it is not as important as the first two. They play a role together as one. Consistency is big on every part of your personality, characteristic, and statistically. Are you prepared to be dressed professional at all times despite of whatever affair you may have? Are you willing to dress to the occasion? Are you prepared to have a great attitude and personality at all times, despite of what personal issues you may have? Can you keep that smile on your face and a positive attitude? Are you able to keep your good grades at all times? Are you able to have a 100% attendance? Can you show me 100% effort every day? Yes you have to have a great attitude and be dressed accordingly at all times but, can you do this 99. 9 percent of the time. This is what people look for in a professional. Someone they can rely on. There is one thing people tend to forget when talking about professionalism. Everyone has free personal time to enjoy their lively hood. There is no objecting to that. But do not forget that although you are on your own free personal time that there is not anyone watching you. As a famous musician once said, â€Å"the streets is watching†. There are always eyes on you if you are in a public place. You cannot everyday go to work and display a personality of professionalism, then go out to a club and be the worst most obnoxious person ever. Well you can. But I bet you didn’t see your assistant manager on the other side of that club watching you with astonishment! That one mistake may have cost you your whole chance of becoming the next person to being promoted in that company. That is why I say consistency is key. You cannot be professional in places where you think may only matter. Once you take a career that involves you being professional, you must always display that same amount of professionalism at all times. When you are at work, when you’re out at the park, when you’re at the movies, at a bar, anywhere you go you must be professional at all times. This does not mean you cannot have fun. You can have fun and be professional. Just as long as you present yourself in a respectable fashion. I personally will display all these aspects to my experiences in my future for my externship. I have learned a lot about myself and my experiences. I must admit. Most times I have not lived in a professional manner. I am now seeing things in different light. I am seeking the respect of a different group of people than in my past. I know that with all being said above. Without me living up to my knowledge and words I cannot succeed in my field of study so now it comes to that point that I will have to have a great output in my personality, my dress code, and I have to be consistent at all times. I have not been perfect, and I know no one is but I can only try! So after this report I will sit back and evaluate my little theory in professionalism and understand. I can’t only talk about it. I will be about it!!!!!

Child Care Principles in Social Work

Child Care Principles in Social Work Professional child care in the field of social work, have come under intense scrutiny recently. Much of this scrutiny, concerns the way in which partnership and interagency work contributes to best practice in the assessment of children, young people and families. This paper seeks to explore the principles of collaborative work and highlight why it is necessary that inter-agency work is successful and efficient in the field of social work. In doing so, will provide examples and discuss current guidelines for partnership work and strategies of new assessment practices to ensure its effectiveness. The essay will also address common problems of interagency and partnership work and identify policies to guard against these potential issues. The Department of Health (1998) in encouraging the use of partnership, stressed that â€Å"joined up services† should be the hallmark of good service delivery. The Audit Commission (1998) declares that for services to be efficient and effective, there must be â€Å"mandatory partnership working†. At a basic level, inter-agency and partnership are formal institutional terms attributed to the practice of and need for different agencies and sectors to â€Å"work together†. According to Whittington (2003), â€Å"partnership is a state of relationship at organizational, group, professional or inter-personal level, to be achieved, maintained and reviewed†, while â€Å"collaboration is an active process of partnership in action.† It is within the umbrella term of partnership, that terms such as ‘inter-agency’ and ‘multi-agency’ arise to pin down the policies and concretise the practice of ‘joined-up’ work between agen cies. The principles of collaborative working stipulate that there should be seamless interaction between agencies to facilitate best practice and ultimately improving care services. In a research of 30 multiagency organizations in health and education and over 140 staff, Atkinson et al (2002) found the following necessary principles for inter-agency work: Common aims and objectives Organizational commitment to the aims and objectives Thorough understanding of the various roles and responsibilities of other involved professionals and agencies Solid leadership Ensuring task delegation and referrals are to the correct personnel Access to resources In addition, Whittington and Bell (2001) established that the ability to work together effectively require many skills which are essential for social workers, such as: the ability to challenge discrimination by other agencies and professions, the ability to conduct multi-disciplinary meetings, the ability to respect and manage issues of confidentiality, and being able to handle conflicts and manage systems and human resource that will need to adapt to change. There are many policy directives which mandate partnership work within services relating to child care and assessment, and one of these is the 2003 government green paper, Every Child Matters policy document which stipulates the development of Children’s Trusts, to ensure that agencies work effectively together to safeguard and promote the welfare of children. Children’s Trusts emerged after the death of eight year-old Victoria Climbià © who even after repeated visits to hospitals and visits by social workers, her abuse was not identified and she subsequently died. The Laming Report of 2003, an inquiry into Victoria’s death concluded that the young girl’s death could have been avoided if individual social workers, police officers, doctors and nurses who came into contact with the girl, had effectively responded to Victorias needs. He emphatically declared that Victoria’s death represented a â€Å"gross failure of the system†, wherein, not on e of the agencies or individuals â€Å"had the presence of mind to follow what are relatively straightforward procedures on how to respond to a child about whom there is concern of deliberate harm†. The Children’s Act of 2004 in Section 10, mandated the â€Å"duty to co-operate† on agencies involved in child care protection and assessment. On November 18, 2008, the Children’s Trust outlined in a release which identified the partners with a duty to co-operate as: district councils, the police, the probation board, the youth offending team, the Strategic Health Authority and Primary Care Trusts, Connexions partnerships, and the Learning and Skills Council. Moreover, in 2004, the government rolled out the National Service Framework for Children and Young People (NSF), a ten year strategy document which aims to improve the support and services that young people, children, parents and carers receive. It stipulates ten different standards which will largely depend on efficient partnership and inter-agency work to be successful. To assist in the efficient assessment of children and young people across services, the Common Assessment Framework (CAF) ensures that frontline delivery of integrated services to children and young people are streamlined for maximum efficiency. It is a standardised assessment methodology across service sectors, which aims to ensure that any inadequacies in service delivery to children are picked up quickly. The CAF looks into the child’s social and health environment to assess the role of the parents or carers, as well as the child’s own strengths and weaknesses, in order to make a reasoned and informed judgment about the child’s present and future well-being. This CAF method of assessment provides much more room and space for preventative action. The Working Together to Safeguard Children (2006) is another policy guideline for frontline managers and social workers to improve inter-agency work in order to safeguard the welfare of children. It asserts that all persons with responsibility for children must display full commitment and that there should be clear lines of accountability. The job of safeguarding children and young people, falls under the authority of the Local Authority (LA) whose main objective is to ensure that young people are protected from harm, They ensure this by vigourously pursuing exacting partnership standards â€Å"with other public organisations, the voluntary sector, children and young people, parents and carers, and the wider community† (Working Together to Safeguard Children: 2006). A tripartite system which incorporating the police, the Local Authority and other agencies help to improve the quality of service and ensure the seamless interaction between agencies in safeguarding children. Socia l Workers who are directly involved in the assessment of children and young people, must be knowledgeable to these inter-agency links and all up to date protocols of inter-agency work to ensure best practice. Behan (2005) at the National Conference for Integrated Children’s Framework, stated that â€Å"services must improve outcomes for children, and organise themselves round the child rather than expect the child to move from one service to another. To be successful services have to work in partnership.† As was demonstrated in the Victoria Climbià © case, and more recently the case of â€Å"Baby P†, who died after being tortured by his mothers and two others and whose suffering was missed by the many individuals and agencies who came into contact with him, inter-agency does not always work, despite many policy guidelines and duty of care responsibilities. This essay will now examine some of the challenges to effective collaborative working. One of the most prominent challenges to effective and efficient inter-agency and partnership work to safeguard children from harm, is the existence of power struggles between various agencies. As stated earlier, Atkinson et al (2002) asserted that a commitment to the ideal and practice of partnership must be bought into by all agencies to avoid power struggles. There are many instances, whereby social workers sometimes outline that their child care reports are not heeded by health care professionals who come into contact with children deemed at risk. Leiba and Weinstein (2003) argues that while many social workers have to work closely with nurses and doctors in the UK to safeguard children, there were significant ideological and cultural differences with how they approached their work. Mathers and Gask (1995) suggests that GP’s become frustrated with the long assessment process that social workers require for best practice. Leiba and Weinstein (2003) lament that such differences can cause power struggles between health professionals who may thin that â€Å"medical-know-how† should trump seemingly long-winded assessment models. They further state that power struggles can be exacerbated by the nature of professional education which normalise professionals into different, values, jargon and culture and the â€Å"fear of dilution and associated professional protectionism† ( Leiba and Weinstein: 2003). The language of health has been said to be very alienating and does not usually give space to social work theories and assessments (Peck and Norman: 1999). Leiba (2003) maintains that even though the Health Act of 1983 and the National Service Framework stipulates greater co-operation between health and social care services, in practice this has been very hard to achieve. He cites the example of requirements for a single assessment strategy across services, but highlights how each agency continue s to compile its own data. because accommodate the Douek (2003) further argues that parents and carers can become very frustrated when the collaboration process is not a seamless one and a lack of co-operation from a parent or carer can be extremely detrimental to the child assessment process. Conclusively, it can be stated that the cases of Victoria Climbià © and more recently â€Å"Baby P†, demonstrate that in order to safeguard and protect children and young people from harm, it is absolutely essential that inter-agency and partnership guidelines are executed. The many policy directives such as the NSF, the CAF, and the 2006 Working to Safeguard Children document should be zealously advocated across agencies and total organizational commitment to the principles around partnership should be elucidated from top to bottom in institutional structures, in order to eliminate power struggles. Social workers, with responsibility for child assessment, should vehemently pursue best practice by following Whittington’s (2003) earlier advice, and report negligence and discriminatory practices which could lead to the harm of children. Such practices ultimately benefit the children and young people and their families, when total commitment to partnership is shown and in ter-agency policies do work. References Atkinson, M., Wilkin, A., Stott, A., Doherty, P. and Kinder, K. (2002) Multi-Agency Working: A Detailed Study. LGA Research Report 26. Slough, Berkshire: National Foundation for Educational Research. Behan, D. (2005) Inspecting Children’s Services in Partnership. Paper presented at the National Conference for Integrated Framework. Accessed on December 7, 2008 at: http://www.csci.org.uk/Docs/inspecting_in_partnership.doc. Children’s Workforce Development Council. (2006) Common Assessment Framework. http://www.everychildmatters.gov.uk/resources-and-practice/IG00063/ Department of Health. (1999) The Challenge of Partnership in Child Protection: Practice Guide. Department of Health. (Spetember 2004) National Service Framework for Children, Young People and Maternity Services. The Stationery Office. Accessed on December 7, 2008 at: www.dh.gov.uk/PolicyAndGuidance/HealthAndSocialCareTopics/ ChildrenServices/ChildrenServicesInformation/fs/en Department for Education and Skills (2006) Working Together to Safeguard Children. Accessed on December 7, 2008 at: http://www.everychildmatters.gov.uk/_files/AE53C8F9D7AEB1B23E403514A6C1B17D.pdf. Douek, S. (2003) Collaboration or Confusion: The Carers’ Perspective. In, Jenny Weinstein, Colin Whittington, Tony Leiba, Collaboration in Social Work Practice. London: Jessica Kingsley. Laming WH. (2003) The Victoria Climbià © Report. London: Stationery Office. Accessed on December 7, 2008 at: www.victoria-climbie-inquiry.org.uk/finreport/finreport.htm. Leiba, T. and Weinstein, J. (2003) Who are the Participants in the Collaborative Process and What Makes Collaboration Succeed or Fail? In, Jenny Weinstein, Colin Whittington, Tony Leiba, Collaboration in Social Work Practice. London: Jessica Kingsley. Mathers, N.J. and Gask, L. (1995) Surviving the â€Å"Heartsink† Experience. Journal of Family Practice, Vol. 2 (17), pp. 6-183. Peck, E. and Norman, L.J. (1999) Working Together in Adult Community Mental Health Services: Exploring Inter-professional Role Relations. Journal of Mental Health, Vol. 8 (3), pp. 231-242. Whittington, C. (2003) Collaboration and Partnership in Context. In, Jenny Weinstein, Colin Whittington, Tony Leiba, Collaboration in Social Work Practice. London: Jessica Kingsley. Whittington, C. and Bell, L. (2001) Learning for Interprofessional and Inter-agency Practice in the New Social Work Curriculum: Evidence from an Earlier Research Study. Journal of Interprofessional Care, Vol 15 (2), pp. 153-169.

Salmon Essay -- essays research papers

The upriver salmon migration is one of nature's most exciting dramas. But to the five species of Pacific salmon (Chinook , chum, coho, pink, and sockeye), it is a long, strenuous, desperate race against time, with every obstacle taking its toll. Pacific salmon belong to a group called anadromous fish that includes Atlantic salmon, sturgeon, lampreys, shad, herring, sea- run cutthroat trout, and steelhead trout. These species hatch and live the first part of their lives in fresh water, then migrate to the ocean to spend their adult lives, which may be as short as 6 months or as long as 7 years. When they reach sexual maturity, they return to the freshwater stream of their origin to lay their eggs. Pacific salmon make the round trip only once, but some Atlantic salmon may repeat the cycle several times. Migration between fresh and salt water occurs during every season of the year, depending on latitude and genetic characteristics of the fish. Groups of fish that migrate together are called runs or stocks. Salmon spawn in virtually all types of freshwater habitat, from intertidal areas to high mountain streams. Pacific salmon may swim hundreds, even thousands, of miles to get back to the stream where they hatched. However, only a small percentage of salmon live to reach their natal stream or spawning grounds. Those males that survive the trip are often gaunt, with grotesquely humped backs, hooked jaws, and battle-torn fins. The females are swollen with a pound or more of eggs. Both have large white patches of bruised skin on their backs and sides. Since salmon do not feed once they leave the ocean, some will die on the way because they lack enough stored body fat to make the trip. Many will be caught in fishermen's nets. Those that evade the nets may have to swim through polluted waters near cities. Many must make their way over power dams, leaping up from one tiny pool to the next along cement stairstep cascades called fish ladders. In the tributary streams, waterfalls and rapids are steep and swift enough to eliminate all but the strongest. Otters, eagles, and bears stalk the salmon in shallow riffles. Once on the spawning grounds, the fish battle each other: females against females for places to nest, males against males for available females. The female builds her nest, called a redd, by agitating the bottom gravel with her fins and tail, and bending ... ...almon belong to the Department of Commerce's National Marine Fisheries Service. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and other federal and state agencies also have recovery responsibilities. The largest of the Pacific salmon, chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) average about 24 pounds when they return to their natal river to spawn, most after 2 or 3 years at sea. The chinook is the least abundant of the Pacific salmon. Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), fourth in Pacific fishery abundance, is the number one sport fish. It spends only one winter at sea, returning the next fall to spawn. It averages about 10 pounds when full grown. Sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) make up about 25 percent of the West Coast catch, and chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) make up about 13 percent. Both follow similar migration paths in the Pacific and reach a common weight of about 12 pounds before returning to their natal river to spawn. Pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha), the smallest of the Pacific salmon, average only about 3 to 5 pounds. However, they make up more than half the total West Coast commercial catch. Pink salmon seldom travel more than 150 miles from the mouth of their natal river.

Historical Themes of Garcia Marquezs One Hundred Years of Solitude

Historical Themes of Garcia Marquez's One Hundred Years of Solitude  Ã‚      Garcia Marquez has said that "One Hundred Years of Solitude is not a history of Latin America, it is a metaphor for Latin America" (Dreifus 1983:1974). The historical themes include conquest and colonization, settlement and scientific discovery, civil wars, foreign economic intervention, technological change, and finally the decay and disappearance of a long-established way of life. The original Spanish conquest is alluded to when, in the first chapter, Jose Arcadio Buendia finds an old suit of armor and the remains of a galleon, mysteriously stranded several kilometers from the sea. The early Spanish colonization and the devastating pirate raids of the English sailor, Sir Francis Drake, are referred to in the second chapter. Subsequently, no more is made of this theme. Pioneer settlement is the real beginning of the story of Macondo. It is at first "a village of twenty houses of mud and canestalks on the bank of a diaphanous river. . . . The world was so new, many things did not have names, and to mention them one had to point with a finger." (71) Just so: when the real pioneer families made their first crude homes in the forests of the Americas, they found many things-plants, animals, minerals - they had never seen before and for which they had no names. That was one reason Europeans referred to the western hemisphere lands as the New World. Typical of such villages, which were established on the banks of rivers in all the Spanish territories, Macondo is governed by its founder, Jose Arcadio Buendia, as a kind of village chief; Ursula, his wife, cultivates a little plot of land and the men, apparently, also hunt for food (although hunting is n... ...very rapidly. In real history, this is the period of the world-wide economic depression that began in 1929 and lasted a decade, until the beginning of World War II. Then, in the last chapter, when the last Aureliano finally leaves the house that has been his prison, we seem to be in a new kind of Macondo. There are more people around, including several who are quite unlike any we've met before and seem unrelated to the old families of Macondo. What sort of town is this that has an eccentric Catalan dealer in rare books frequented by a group of eager young writers? The town also has a drugstore, which we have never heard about before, attended by an Egyptian-eyed girl named Mercedes. It also has some new and extravagant brothels. Works Cited: Garcia Marquez, Gabriel. One Hundred Years of Solitude. Trans. Gregory Rabassa. New York: Harper Perennial, 1991.

Sexual Empowerment of Women in Behns The Willing Mistress and The Disa

Sexual Empowerment of Women in Behn's The Willing Mistress and The Disappointment     Ã‚   "All women together ought to let flowers fall upon the tomb of Aphra Behn, . . . for it was she who earned them the right to speak their minds." (Woolf 91) Born in 1640, Aphra Behn broke gender stereotypes when she undertook a thrilling (if unrewarded) life as a spy for the Crown, but it was her scandalous career as an author which truly achieved many firsts for women. She was the first woman to support hereself financially by solely relying on the profession of writing, and many readers argue that Oroonoko--her passionate tale about the institution of slavery--was the first English novel. She was certainly one of the first female authors to write candidly about sexuality: in fact, she both broke new ground and challenged conceptions of patriarchal power when she wrote about women's empowerment through sexuality. In her poems "The Willing Mistress" (from her play The Dutch Lover, 1673) and "The Disappointment" (1680), Behn creates situations of bold sexual mischief in which female characters are aware of, comfortable with, and even thrive off their sexuality. Not only was it virtually unheard of for a woman of Behn's time to express herself openly as a sexual being, but it was also explicitly forbidden by cultural precepts for a woman to so aggressively take charge of her own physical desires and satisfaction, as Behn's characters do. Previously, men were in control of most sexual situations--both in real life and in literature. Behn, however, creates a playing field where the traditional roles not only do not apply but are subverted. Urged to seize the day, Behn's willing mistress does so, following her lover into the bushes and co... ...dent women created from Behn's mind refute her era's consensus that ... Behn conveys that women can control their own destiny; they can hold the power. Although these sentiments were certainly ahead of their time, they did help pave the way for future generations of women to express themselves honestly, sexually or otherwise. For that, all women are indeed eternally indebted to Aphra Behn. Works Cited Behn, Aphra. "The Disappointment." The Norton Anthology of Literature by Women. 2nd ed. Eds. Sandra Gilbert and Susan Gubar. New York: Norton, 1996. 112-115. ---. "The Willing Mistress." Norton. 111. Bradstreet, Anne. "A Letter to Her Husband, Absent Upon Public Employment." Norton. 89. Woolf, Virginia. "Aphra Behn." Excerpted from A Room of One's Own. Reprinted in Virginia Woolf: Women and Writing. Ed. Michele Barrett. New York: Harvest, 1979. 89-91.

Online information system Essay

1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Future university’s training unit deliver training services to both novice and professionals in different areas of information technology core courses, arts and design, programming languages as well as basic studies manually. Interested individuals enroll in any of the available courses only by going to the university’s training unit. Also there is no means of advertising these services which is vital to those in search of it, somehow there is need for the training center to have a fully functional system that serve the same purpose online 24/7. 1.2 SITE OF THE PROJECT Future University 1.3 NATURE OF THE PROJECT Web based application 1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY The significance of the study is that it will help in designing a system that will provide services online to subscribers of training programs. The training unit can also make use of the outcome of this study for the purpose of providing effective and convenient services to its subscribers. When completed the system will provide the following benefits: 1.It will provide user convenience since it can be accessed from anywhere around the globe through the internet. 2.It will serve as a means for the trainers to handle large number of trainees from different locations around the world at a time. 3.The proposed system will provide an advertisement functionality for the global reach of the training unit. 4.The online services will also provide easy access to information. 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT 2.1.1General problem There is no online system by which the training unit can advertise its training services in order to gain recognition worldwide. And the records of  information is done manually. 2.1.2 Specific problem 1.Registration of trainees is done manual therefore requiring large amount of paper work. 2.Bulk amount of papers occupy most of the office space and cost a lot of money. 3.The training unit has no means of creating awareness apart from the university’s medium. 4.There is no proper scheduling of courses and this may cause trainees’ dissatisfaction. 2.2 PROJECT OBJECTIVES 2.2.1 General Objectives To develop a web application that will deliver the same services in more efficient and effective way. 2.2.2 Specific Objectives 1.To include a database system within the application to store retrieve, manipulate, secure and save data. 2.To add interactive graphics to support awareness creation on the web as e-advertisement. 3.To develop a module that will provide a convenient scheduling for the training. 2.3SCOPE AND LIMITATION 1.The proposed system will cover the issues of awareness by including advertisement functionality. 2. Subscribers of the training and the trainers supposed to have a forum for further discussions but unfortunately that will not be covered in this project. 3.This project will not cover the payment system. 2.4 Methodology Traditional waterfall model. 3. PROJECT MANAGEMENT 3.1 Resources Requirement for Development For the purpose of developing the system the following resources are required 3.1.1Hardware requirements The hardware needed for the development process is a computer system with the following specification HardwareDescription ProcessorCore i5 Random Access MemoryRAM 6GB Hard disk 750 GB 3.1.2 Software requirements SoftwareSpecification ServerII express Server Side Scripting LanguageAsp.net IDEVisual studio 2013 professional for web 3.2 Resources Requirement for Deployment 3.2.1 Hardware requirements The hardware needed for the deployment process is a computer system with the following specification

Bloomability

The title is a newly configured word created by the author, which combines the meaning of the words â€Å"bloom†, and â€Å"ability'. This also encapsulates the meaning of possibility. In this book the main character â€Å"Dominique† (Deadline), has many opportunities. She considers them as burdens rather than possibilities. Her father had rather unsteady and unstable professions. He could not hold a permanent Job for long periods. The family therefore moves to different states frequently. By the time she was 12 years old , they had relocated 12 times.Every place they traveled to leads to more troubles. Eventually, her brother Crick landed In Jail. Her sister Stella, eloped to marry a marine, when she was 16 years old. Fortunately, she returned to the family and confessed her marriage . She was unable to make them believe her. To the surprise of the family, one day Stella goes into labor! The next day Dine began her â€Å"second life†. On the day following the b irth of Stall's baby, her mother's sister Sandy and brother in law Max arrived. WhenAdenine's father was absent, they took Dine away, with the permission of her mother. Dine did not know were she was going and was unaware of the reason for the trip. They drove to the airport and boarded a flight. Dine was very confused. When they got on to the airplane Aunt Sandy told Dine that she was going to attend an international private school in Serialized. Aunt Sandy was going to teach there and Uncle Max was going to be the principal. Dine explores Laguna and finds exciting things to do. She wishes she was home with her family.When Dine attends the school she meets people from all over the world . Len her school it is required for them to learn the Italian language. She makes friends with an American girl, Lila, an American boy, Guthrie, a Spanish girl, Belle and a Chinese boy, Kisses. Unlike Dine, Lila has a very strong personality. Lila doesn't care what other people think about her. She is always complaining. Everyone thinks that she is arrogant but Dine still likes her. The class always goes on amazing trips. They go to SST. Morale for snow skiing.On a skiing trip Dullness two friends, Lila and Guthrie get caught In an avalanche. Luckily, thanks to Deadline, (who saw where they were going), they are able to be rescued. At the end of the year, Dullness aunt and uncle give her a choice: Go home to America for the summer and come back In the fall, or go back to America permanently. The book ends at this point. It Is never said what her decision was. The reader Is left to use her Imagination as to what decision Dine made. This makes the book an even more enjoyable read and you are left guessing how the story

Modern Day Discrimination Essay

Gender inequality is the most important issue society faces today. This is the unfair difference in the way people are treated based on their gender. There are many places where this injustice occurs. The most detrimental is where people spend a large portion of their time, which is the workplace. The workplace must not be viewed as only a traditional job, but also things such as being a wife or a mother. Society must improve gender equality in the workplace in order for all people to feel likely to succeed. Military wives are viewed as supporters, rather than equals who can also be successful. A group of authors elaborate on the issue, â€Å"the military wife has traditionally had an important and recognized role in military life, providing the necessary support and care that contributed towards the success of her husband’s career† (Rosen, Knudson and Fancher 327). All people, male or female, need not only to be treated the same, but viewed the same if society is going to grow. Women are put in a group that does not allow them to have a rewarding life without a husband. This teaches young women that they need a man in their life to be successful. Which could lead to poor decisions or premature and failed marriages. Women who do attempt to be successful on their own are not given the credit they deserve for building a life on their own. This is proven in volume 16 of Gender, Work and Organization, â€Å"Women are typically viewed as ‘honorary men’ or ‘flawed women’ for attempting to participate in fields traditionally dominated by men† (Powell, Bagilhole and Dainty 412). Women who strive to have success in male dictated professions are not seen as strong people but rather weak women or women who act like men. These women are stronger than most for stepping outside the normal range of female jobs. If women find themselves resembling men more than usual to be successful, it will take away from the diversity of society. This can be corrected by accepting that anybody can perform his or her job just as well as anyone else . Women are not given equal opportunities to obtain employment positions for sexist reasons. Maryn Oyoung shares her thoughts one the issue of discriminatory hiring, â€Å"Men and women should be allowed to compete freely and on an equal basis in the workplace; however, current laws do not promote this idea because they do not take into account the reality that women uniquely experience the physical side effects of pregnancy† (518). Due to the simple fact that men  are physically incapable of going through the process of pregnancy, they have an advantage in the workplace as long as laws continue not to address the issue. This allows employers to discriminate against women because of the possibility of pregnancy. If women are forced to choose between a job and a family, they likely will choose family. Creating a less diverse group, which offers fewer opinions on important decisions. Most women who are able to have children are of crucial importance to the human race. Promoting the success of these women would encourage them to have children making our race more diver se and accepting. Along with the lack of equal opportunities, gender inequality in the workplace is shown through unequal pay based on gender. Browne explains the pay ratio between men and women for the same positions. â€Å"In 2010 the female-to-male annual earnings ratio in the United States was 0.77, and in 2011 the weekly earnings ratio was 0.82† (786). Men are unrightfully being paid more for their contributions to a business than women. Even if those contributions are identical to those of women. This can discourage women from following their dreams because they will not be rewarded as much for their hard work. If businesses were to pay men and women equally, it would create a more diverse workplace, which is better for the people who work in them because it forces them to understand the issues of others. While men who express strength and leadership are looked upon as role models, women who display these traits are seen as rude or uncaring. â€Å"Professional women who are judged to be competent are frequently judged to lack warmth† (Gutek 338). Strong women are treated badly because of the way they do their job; this encourages women not to be as tough. This double standard results in female leaders being too easy on their employees. This can cause them possibly to lose their job or lead an unsuccessful business. If people were judged solely on their performance, more strong female leaders would emerge. Women are raised in such a way that they do not see their own potential, which contributes to the ongoing inequality. â€Å"Over ninety percent of receptionists (92.5%), dieticians and nutritionists (92.6%), registered nurses (90.5%), and preschool and kindergarten teachers (97%) are female† (Browne 789). Women are taught from a young age that they have jobs they will perform and men have jobs they will do. The media and current generations constantly preach this idea. Creating an endless cycle of inequality. The most effective way to combat this would be to alter the  way people approach teaching their children abo ut the workplace. If this were to be accomplished, society would be a place where any person could do or be anything they desire without worrying about what others think because those others would feel the same way. Young women are raised only to please men rather than build prosperous lives of their own. In â€Å"Girl,† Jamaica Kincaid offers a dialogue between a mother and her daughter. â€Å"This is how to behave in the presence of men who don’t know you very well† (385). Some women are raised only to please men, while men such as myself are never taught the importance of pleasing women at a young age. Rather, young men are taught how to be successful in the workplace. Since men are raised this way, they are instantly put at an advantage in their careers. If young boys and girls were raised in a more similar way, it would increase the equality in the workplace. This would allow all people to have the same opportunities, no matter their gender. Women are forced into jobs that turn them into objects rather than individuals. In â€Å"Two Ways A Woman Can Get Hurt,† Jean Kilbourne provides multiple examples of women be dehumanized through advertisement. â€Å"Men conq uer and women ensnare, always with the essential aid of a product† (420). The jobs of the women in provocative advertisements is only to excite men into looking at their advertisement. A consequence of this is that these men will hopefully notice what the advertisement was about and remember it because of the objectified women in the ad. In many cases, this is the only job available to these women because of the way they were raised. If more women were raised in a way that forced them to understand that they are just as valuable, if not more valuable as any man, they would expect that they will be allowed equal opportunities and would accept nothing less. This would force the advertisement community to take a different approach, which would cut back on the objectification of women. Gender is also the key difference when determining job success. â€Å"Research clearly indicates that women are disproportionately overrepresented in the lowest paying occupations and that the female sex composition of occupations is negatively related to median earnings† (Jaffee 377). Women are not allowed into higher paying jobs as often as men are. Thus causing women to earn less on a yearly basis, which leads to a more stressful lifestyle. Equal job opportunities is the key to workplace equality. If a man had a female boss, he may realize that women are just as  capable as men are. Then down the road, he may be in a position of power where he would then understand that he could feel confident hiring a woman. This workplace inequality affects women not only while they work, but also as they grow old. â€Å"For most women, attitudinal and structural factors in the workplace put them at a tremendous disadvantage and render them more vulnerable than men to hardship as they age† (Barnett 25). All the factors that contribute to gender inequality in the workplace cause a severe issue for women. As they grow old, they likely will earn less pension or retirement opportunities because of the sexism displayed in modern business. This again causes women to rely on men to support them. Making it very hard for strong women to thriv e as they enter their older age. This does not only affect women though. It is a fact that on average, women live longer than men do. If men are allowed to rely on the success of women, they could feel more confident as they age as well. People who rely on statistics can argue that gender discrimination in the workplace is not a choice, but rather a natural consequence that comes with the differences in the human body. â€Å"On average, women are five inches shorter, have 55 to 60 percent less upper body strength, a higher fat-to-muscle ratio, lower bone density, and 20 percent less aerobic capacity† (Summers 74). Men defending their decisions would argue that women are not allowed different opportunities because of the physical differences between women and men. This includes certain combat situations or construction where physical strength is vital. This is not reliable because of the countless jobs that are not influenced by physical strength. Women and men are being too generalized and not examined for specific strengths. Speaking on The Department of Defense Combat Exclusion Policy, Chris and Jeannette Haynie state, â€Å"The policy institutionalizes the concept that all male Marines, based on gender alone, are capable of performing duties in the combat arms, while all female Marines similarly are not† (46). Assumptions are being made of men and women. The policy implies that all men are more capable in combat than any women are. This is an issue because it discourages women from contributing their skills and holds men to a high standard of having to be better than any women. Workplace gender inequality is the most important issue society faces. The unfair treatment leaves women forced to rely on others. This may cause women to question their choices, which leaves them at a disadvantage. If not all people are  given the same opportunities, then the progress society has made will be for nothing. When it comes to gender inequality, it is all or nothing. There is no in-between where people are almost equal. Works Cited Barnett, Rosalind Chait. â€Å"Ageism And Sexism In The Workplace.† Generations 29.3 (2005): 25- 30. Academic Search Complete. Web. 23 Nov. 2014. Brown, Kingsley R. â€Å"Biological Sex Differences In The Workplace: Reports Of The â€Å"End Of Men† Are Greatly Exaggerated (As Are Claims Of Women’s Continued Inequality).† Boston University Law Review 93.3 (2013): 769-794. Academic Search Complete. Web. 23 Nov. 2014. Gutek, Barbara A. â€Å"How Women Continue To Be Disadvantaged In The Workplace.† Analyses Of Social Issues & Public Policy 10.1 (2010): 337-339. Academic Search Complete. Web. 23 Nov. 2014. Haynie, Chris, and Jeannette Haynie. â€Å"Marines Or MARINES*?.† U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings 138.11 (2012): 46-51. Academic Search Complete. Web. 19 Nov. 2014. Jaffee, David. â€Å"Gender Inequality In Workplace Autonomy And Authority.† Social Science Quarterly (University Of Texas Press) 70.2 (1989): 375-390. Academic Search Complete. Web. 24 Nov. 2014. Kilbourne, Jean. â€Å"Two Ways A Woman Can Get Hurt.† Rereading America: Cultural Contexts for Critical Thinking and Writing. Ed. Gary Colombo, Robert Cullen, and Bonnie Lisle. 9th Edition. New York: Bedford/St. Martins. 2013. Print. Kincaid, Jamaica. â€Å"Girl.† Rereading America: Cultural Contexts for Critical Thinking and Writing. Ed. Gary Colombo, Robert Cullen, and Bonnie Lisle. 9th Edition. New York: Bedford/St. Martins. 2013. Print. Powell, Abigail, Barbara Bagilhole, and Andrew Dainty. â€Å"How Women Engineers Do And Undo Gender: Consequences For Gender Equality.† Gender, Work & Organization 16.4 (2009): 411-428. Academic Search Complete. Web. 23 Nov. 2014. Rosen, Leora N., Kathryn H. Knudson, and Peggy Fancher. â€Å"Cohesion And The Culture Of Hypermasculinity In U.S. Army Units.† Armed Forces & Society (0095327X) 29.3 (2003): 325-351. Academic Search Complete. Web. 23 Nov. 2014. Summers, Clark H. â€Å"Women.† Military Review 93.4 (2013): 71-78. Academic Search Complete. Web. 23 Nov. 2014. Oyoung, Maryn. â€Å"Until Men Bear Children, Women Must Not Bear The Costs Of Reproductive Capacity: Accommodating Pregnancy In The Workplace To Achieve Equal Employment Opportunities.† Mcgeorge Law Review 44.2 (2013): 515-542. Academic Search Complete. Web. 22 Nov. 2014.

Ethics Notes Chapters

Ethics, and Human Behavior Ethical issues exist in all areas of criminal Justice system (from passage of laws to punishment) Criminal Justice professionals have discretion Legislators: In making laws Police: In enforcing laws Attorneys and Judges: affecting Justice process Correctional Professionals: affecting offenders lives What do criminal Justice professionals have in common? Power to make decisions duty to enforce the law obligation to provide â€Å"due process† and â€Å"equal protection† for all commitment to â€Å"public service† Goals of the study of ethics -BrawledBecome aware of and open to ethical issues Begin developing critical thinking skills Become more personally responsible Understand coercive element of the Justice system Develop wholesales (the ability to explore with ones heart as well as ones mind) Defining Terms morals The judgment of behavior as right or wrong. Ethics The study and analysis tot what constitutes g * The two words are often used interchangeably. Or bad conduct. Meta-ethics Technical investigation of the meaning of ethical terms, as well as how ethical statements can be verified. Normative ethics Definition of right conduct and moral duties. Plied ethics Application of ethical principles to specific issues or fields. Professional ethics Examination of the behavior of certain professional groups. Duties Moral obligations that one must carry out to be considered ethical. Supererogatory An act that goes beyond duty and is not required to be considered DOD or moral. Imperfect duties General obligation with no specific acts. Honesty Health Family Financial success Beauty What else are values? Are some more important than others? To be Ouagadougou or immoral,behavior must involve: human acts of free will detecting others Inventory of Ethical IssuesIndividual or Other Employees backstabbing and lack of support gossip sexual or racial harassment lying to cover up blame taking credit for others' work Organizatio n and Employees sexual or racial harassment by supervisors discouraging honest criticism or feedback arbitrary or unfair decisions inadequate compensation inadequate training unrealistic or inappropriate demands putting employees in unnecessary danger By the Individual and Organization work ethic (days work for a days pay) petty theft of supplies or cash overtime abuse gifts and gratuities falsifying reports misuse of sick days arsenal use of supplies or equipment Morality and Behavior Even when people know what is right, sometimes they choose to do wrong?why? Criminology Psychology Other fields seek to answer this question Are people fundamentally good or fundamentally bad? Thinking Point Omar Thornton of Connecticut walked into his employer, Hartford Distributors, for a hearing concerning his possible termination. During the meeting, Thornton pulled out a pistol and shot ten of his coworkers, killing eight, before turning the gun on himself. What caused Thornton to carry oh t this minority act? Was he born intrinsically bad? Was he a good person that had a tragic turn of circumstances that forced him into a criminal act? Morality = Law ?Ethical Issues and Dilemmas Decentralization of soft drugs? Sex-offender registries? Death penalty? Mandatory DNA testing? Three-strikes legislation? Racial profiling? Steps for Clarifications Dilemmas Review all the facts. Identify relevant values of all parties. Identify all moral issues. Identify most immediate moral issue. Resolve the dilemma. CHAPTER 2: Determining Moral Behavior Ethical Systems Deontological Ethical Systems Teleological Ethical Systems Ethical Formalism According to German philosopher Emmanuel Kant: ill (motivation) is the only thing that is intrinsically good. Duty is required behavior. It is self-imposed and necessary to morality.The Categorical Imperative Ethical Formalism: Imperatives Categorical imperatives Are absolute. Are based on good will. Determine morality. You must not lie. Criticisms of Et hical Formalism Utilitarianism leered Beneath An action's morality depends on how much it contributes to the overall good of society. Humans are hedonistic. They seek to maximize pleasure and avoid pain. DOD for the greatest number On April 20th, 2010 a British Petroleum offshore rig exploded killing 11 employees ND causing one of the largest oil spills in modern history. Investigators soon located the faulty alarm systems. The alarms did not alert because they had been intentionally disconnected close to a year ago.BP had the alarms turned off in order to allow employees to sleep without being interrupted by false alarms thus creating a better functioning workforce. If the alarms were enabled, the rig would have automatically entered shut down mode, virtually eliminating the oil spill. Was Up's original â€Å"act† inherently good? Bad? Did they have a duty to act one way or the other? Criticisms of Utilitarianism Religion People hold different opinions about which religion i s the â€Å"true† religion. People within a religion often disagree on how to interpret its principles. Religious controversies are often difficult to resolve. Natural Law Criticisms of Natural Law How can we determine what is natural law versus man-made law? What are the â€Å"natural† laws of morality?The Ethics of Virtue Aristotle True virtue is the median between extremes of character: the golden mean. People develop moral virtues through practice, Just like any other strength. Daemonic: living the â€Å"good life† Six Pillars Josephs Institute) Trustworthiness : Honesty, sincerity, loyalty Respect : Golden Rule Responsibility : Being accountable Fairness : Equality, impartiality, and due process Caring : Altruism and benevolence Citizenship : Duties of citizenship Criticisms of Ethics of Virtue Basically assumes a good person will make a good decision. Little help for people facing dilemmas. The Ethics of Care Western ethical systems focus on issues like ri ghts, laws, and universalism.Ethics of care?nurture, meeting needs Criticisms of Ethics of Care Criticisms of Egoism Violates universalism. Logically inconsistent (for everyone to try and maximize self interest). Enlightened egoism is not too different from categorical imperative or golden rule. Other Methods epithetical Decision Making The imperative principle directs a decision maker to act according to a specific, unbending rule. The utilitarian principle determines the ethics of conduct by the DOD or bad consequences of the action. The generalization principle is based on this question: â€Å"What would happen if all similar persons acted this way under similar circumstances? General Principles federation Making Obtain all facts (including the effects of prospective decisions). Evaluate whether odd be comfortable with your decision appearing on the front page (in public view). Consider one's principles to be like a formula – applicable in all situations. Relativism Ethic al Relativism Moral systems are products of an individual or group. If people believe different things are good and bad, how can you define what is good? Situational Ethics: A compromise between relativism and absolutism There are basic principles of right and wrong. They can be applied to ethical dilemmas and moral issues. They may call for different results in different situations. 1.Treat each person with the utmost respect and care. . Do one's duty or duties in such a way that one does not violate the first principle. Summary of Ethical Systems Ethical formalism: What is good is that which conforms to the categorical imperative. Utilitarianism: What is good is that which results in the greatest utility for the greatest number. Religion: What is good is that which contorts to God's will. Natural law: What is good is that which is natural. Ethics of virtue: What is good is that which conforms to the Golden Mean. Ethics of care: What is good is that which meets the needs of those c oncerned. Egoism: What is good is that which benefits me.

Scientific Literature Workshop Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Scientific Literature Workshop - Assignment Example The Merck Manual. Infectious Arthritis. Retrieved October 02, 2014, from http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/bone_joint_and_muscle_disorders/bone_and_joint_infections/infectious_arthritis.html. This article presents a discussion of the prognosis of infectious arthritis and includes estimation of chances, prospects, diagnosis and treatment of the condition. The article also explains the different types of infectious arthritis that affect individuals. The article discuses different aspects of tuberculous arthritis including the prognosis of the disease. The article describes the causes, symptoms, treatment and prevention of the disease, which is caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis The three articles are related in that they focus on discussion of various infections caused by the bacterial species of mycobacterium. Perusing through these articles will enable individuals to gain significant knowledge of the bacterium. Carrega, G., Bartolacci, V., Burastero, G., Finocchio, G. C., Ronca, A., & Riccio, G. (2013). Prosthetic joint infections due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis: A report of 5 cases. International Journal of Surgery Case Reports, 4(2), 178–181. Schmitt, S. (2013). The Merck Manual. Infectious arthritis. Retrieved October 02, 2014, from

A Study of Business Sustainability Indices in Malaysian Cities Dissertation

A Study of Business Sustainability Indices in Malaysian Cities - Dissertation Example 9 1.3.1 World Summit in Rio de Janeiro †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 9 1.3 Purpose of the Study †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 11 1.4 Research Framework †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.... 12 1.5 Research Questions †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 12 1.6 Hypotheses †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.... 13 1.8 Significance of the Study †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦ 20 1.9 Chapter Summary †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 21 1.10 Organization of dissertation †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 23 Chapter 2 Literature Review †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 25 2.1 Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 25 2.2 Sustainability: Definition and Background †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 27 2.2.1 Sustainability theories †¦Ã¢â‚ ¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦............................................ ... 40 2.2.4 Sustainable development †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 41 2.2.4.1 Social sustainability and sustainable neighborhood †¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 43 2.2.5 Urban forms and effects on sustainability †¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 46 2.2.5.1 Urban planning †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 47 2.2.5.2 Principles of sustainability in plans evaluation †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 47 2.2.5.3 Case study: Indianapolis Greenways System †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 49 2.2.5.4 Business and environment: The greening of supply chain †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 50 2.2.6 Challenges in sustainability †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚ ¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 52 2.2.6.1 Population, migration and urbanization †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 52 2.2.6.1.1 Slowing and differential growth †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 54 2.2.6.1.2 Continuing rural migration and rapid expansion of cities †¦ 55 2.2.6.2 Affluence/poverty, well-being, and health †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 56 2.2.6.3 Technological innovations †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 56 2.2.6.4 Globalization, governance and institution †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 57 2.2.6.5 Global environmental change †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 59 2.2.6.6 Peace and securities †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â ‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 61 2.2.7 Developed versus developing world cities †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 61 2.3 Strategic policy options for sustainable development †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 62 Chapter 3 Methodology †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 63 3.1 Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..................... 63 3.2 Literature review

AM, FMC, PBC and DU DUH Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

AM, FMC, PBC and DU DUH Paper - Essay Example Pitney chose to be proactive in identifying the hot spots by providing a help line to his employees to call anytime when they notice colleagues showing stranger behaviors. The corporation trains its managers to identify the not so obvious signs of distress from employees and help them. Pitney incorporates the services of a company physician and refers employees to counselors for help. Duke University changed its crisis management strategies by telling the truth within the shortest possible time and regularly communicated with its stakeholders and the public on the progress till the end of case. Its president also took personal leadership of an incident by immediately apologizing to the public and focusing into the future. In leadership communication, the leader believes in sharing all information with employees at all levels in order to run the organization smoothly and make everyone feel like they are being lead rather than drifting. It tries to eliminate communication barriers within the organization to allow for smooth flow of information. Leadership communication allows the following: On the other hand, conventional management communication believes that the leader is always right and the decision he or she makes is final. It does not encourage contribution of ideas from employees when it comes to decision making in the organization. Employees working in such an environment usually operate under a lot of fear. Dialogue is a conversation between two or more people while discussion is an in-depth interactive communication on a particular topic with an aim of exploring solutions. The other day, I had a conversation with my mother on the issue of dating while still in school. As a student, I am in a discussion group with four of my classmates where we study different academic topics together. In 2009 when General Motors, a US auto company

Crime in a Christian Worldview Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Crime in a Christian Worldview - Research Paper Example This paper seeks to investigate and explain the laws governing assisted suicide and the Biblical approach to this matter. Behind Assisted Suicide Assisted suicide, or specifically physician-assisted suicide, goes along with words like ‘mercy-killing,’ ‘the last resort,’ ‘relieving the suffering,’ or what is commonly known as ‘euthanasia’. Actually, it means the act or practice of killing or permitting the death of hopelessly sick or injured individuals...in a relatively painless way for reasons of mercy (â€Å"Euthanasia,† n.d.). As technology advances, the more the breakthroughs on science are invented. Indeed, technology particularly medical technology invented by the experts has the power to save lives, as much as it begets power to sustain lives, or what others call the ‘prolonging of life.’ Unlike before where there was no immediate aid available, now the patients could be possibly (if the illness is curable by medicine) healed and revived. Despite this fact, still many would choose to end the suffering of their patients--physician-assisted suicide comes in. Proponents of physician assisted suicide argued that patient's free choice, individual rights, and moral autonomy must be observed (Salem, 1999). However, this practice was done in order to avoid torture, abuse, or slavery on the part of the patient (Roth, 2011). The Biblical Approach on Assisted Suicide â€Å"So God created man in his own image, in the image of God he created him† (Genesis 1:27), this biblical verse declares that human life is valuable and sacred, as it is given by God--a truth that must be announced to all humankind. Man’s creation in the likeness or image of God is the core principle against murder, as (Genesis 9:6) states, â€Å"Whoever sheds the blood of man, by man shall his blood be shed; for in the image of God has God made man.† No one has the authority over the life of other, as he ha s no authority over his own. God upon creation of man and ever since before man existed on earth; his divine authority over man’s life is supreme. â€Å"Life is God-given and therefore has intrinsic sanctity, significance and worth† (Russel, 2008). Truly, those that advocate assisted suicide, or physician-assisted suicide do not adhere to this divine belief, instead deny it. Moreover, the boundaries of the life of men are determined solely by God--the author of birth and death of man. A biblical perspective that Christ identifies with suffering humanity, affirms suffering humanity, and heals suffering humanity. â€Å"Do you know that your body is a temple of the Holy Spirit, who is in you, whom you have received from God? You are not your own; you were bought at a price† (1 Corinthians 6:19, 20). God forbid the claims of others against another person’s life and the claims of man on their lives (â€Å"A Biblical Perspective,† n.d.). In addition, the Baptist contended that assisted dying violates the sanctity of human life, (â€Å"What are Christian,† 2009.) while, Roman Catholic firmly opposed to both suicide and euthanasia (â€Å"Euthanasia and Christianity,† 2011). The Laws Regarding Assisted Suicide In the United States of America, since the legalization of abortion was ratified, it opened the door for public debate--including leaders of some religious groups. Since the protections for the unborn were uplifted, it paved the way for a different view regarding the sacredness of life. There are over 34 states that have built a law

What Impact the Policy of Implementation of Performance Based Funding Research Proposal

What Impact the Policy of Implementation of Performance Based Funding will have on Historically Black Colleges and Universities in Louisiana - Research Proposal Example As the paper outlines the stated objective behind such funding is to provide quality education in such institutions at nominal costs. State funding to Historically Black Colleges and Universities is being provided with a White House initiative set in motion by President Jimmy Carter1 in 1980 with the objective of, ‘overcoming the effects of discriminatory treatment and to strengthen and expand the capacity of historically black colleges and universities to provide quality education’. President Reagan subsequently established the ‘White House Initiative on Historically Black Colleges and Universities’ in 1981. As a result the state of Louisiana saw emergence of public institutions like Grambling State University; Southern University and A&M College; Southern University at New Orleans; Southern University at Shreveport together with couple of private institutions. Today, products and services are objectively assessed from the point of view of their functionali ty, value proposition and the overall performance. Market forces have now acquired a predominant role while limiting the roles of the respective governments to that of a facilitator. Educational institutions too are now expected to come out with matching results and professional approach in imparting education. Therefore now we hear about suggestions for ‘performance based funding’ to educational institutions and take necessary punitive action if any institution is found to be drifting in its duties and responsibilities and resulting in below par performances.

Theories of Conflict Resolution Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Theories of Conflict Resolution - Assignment Example When it comes to conflict resolution, the NGOs and IGOs have access to territories and theories that enable them to participate in eliminating and mitigating conflict. The conflict theories and intervention strategies used by NGOs and IGOs have significantly influenced world politics; thus resulting in negative implications in conflict resolution. There are several theories that attempt to explain the causes of conflict in the society. These theories include the fundamentalist theory, the conflict theory and symbolic interaction theory. Each of these theories has their assumptions and ideologies regarding the cause of conflict in the society. For example, the conflict theory argues that conflict is as a result of a need in the society. Resultantly, individuals or groups in the society spur conflict so that the other party can meet their needs. This theory is different from the functionalist theory in that it acknowledges the societal change. Therefore, conflict is not undesirable but a necessary factor for change (Shepard 2012). Arguably, the functionalist theory assumes societies are complex and at the same time organized. According to the Functionalist theory, conflict arises when certain elements do not make a positive contribution to the society. (Shepard 2012). For example, if there are bureaucratic rules in the society that inhibit justice. Supporters of this theory argue that once the dysfunction is dealt with, the society often resumes to its original structure (Shepard 2012). The three theories are integral in examining how intergroup dysfunction can contribute to the emergence of conflict. Through the efforts of psychology, we are also able to comprehend how individual cognitive processes can contribute to the onset of a conflict, thus facilitating the adoption of effective conflict resolution strategies. The International Community uses

Malcolm X and Martin Luther King Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Malcolm X and Martin Luther King - Essay Example Though these men seemed to be polarized in their approach to the civil rights movement, they were linked by the common bond of instilling a sense of extreme urgency, the possibility of violence, and a demand for justice for their followers. Though Malcolm X has been characterized as being far more radical and violent than King, this is a misconception. King understood the violence that would be involved in the struggle and the protest marches he led were marked by extreme violence. He also knew that the fight must be viewed as violent without the blacks being seen as the perpetrators. In King's speech "I May Not Get There With You", he warns, "There will be neither rest nor tranquillity in America until the Negro is granted his citizenship rights. The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright day of justice emerges" (cited in Dyson 2000 p.18). It is this type of rhetoric that forced the government to choose sides and illuminated their official stand as white racist (O'Reilly 1989 p.155). These were attitudes that were no less radical than Malcolm X professed. Just as King has been mischaracterized as a pacifist in the civil rights movement, so has Malcolm X been portrayed as more radically violent than he actually was. Movies and anecdotal recollections of people involved with Malcolm X only serve to heighten this slant in the history of the man. Yet Marable (2006) contends that Malcolm X's own writings confirm that at the time of his death he was proposing, "... an unprecedented African-American united front of black political and civic organizations, including both the Nation of Islam and other civil rights groups" (p.157). This aspect of Malcolm X is often overlooked by historians and relates his depth of commitment to the struggle for equal rights and not separate rights. The portrayal of Malcolm X as a black nationalist denies his later years as a black activist that was working for equal justice and the elevation of the dignity of the black population within white America. Both men approached the civil rights movement with a sense of urgency. Yet, once again history and the media have polarized the common perceptions of the men. King has been portrayed as a patient agent working for incremental change while Malcolm X has been viewed as an advocate for violent revolution. Yet both men used the underlying threat of violence beyond their control to effect their ends. In King's speech "Beyond Vietnam - A Time to Break Silence" (1967), he warns America, "We are now faced with the fact, my friends, that tomorrow is today. We are confronted with the fierce urgency of now". This sense of immediacy also resonated in Malcolm X's "do it yourself philosophy, a do it right now philosophy, an it's already too late philosophy" (qtd. in Baynes 2006). These were reminders to the opposition that they might not be able to restrain their followers for any extended time if their demands were not addressed (Walton 1972 p.85). Clearly both men were using the demand of urgenc y and its subtle hints of the portending violence that it brought to highlight and further their cause. In conclusion, both King and Malcolm X realized that the struggle for